How can hypertriglyceridemia corrected sodium?
How can hypertriglyceridemia corrected sodium?
Sodium Change in Hypertriglyceridemia. When using indirect ion-selective electrode (ISE) methods to determine serum sodium concentration, significant hyperlipidemia can cause falsely lower sodium values. Direct ion-selective electrode (ISE) methods can reduce or eliminate this error.
Can high triglycerides cause hyponatremia?
As summarized in Figure 2, pseudohyponatremia can be caused by elevated total protein, triglycerides, or very rarely by extremely elevated cholesterol. In cholestasis, Lp-X lipid particles carry most of the cholesterol in plasma and cause pseudohyponatremia.
How do you test for corrected sodium?
The proposed formula was: corrected sodium = measured sodium + [1.6 (glucose – 100) / 100].
What is sodium correction?
Calculates the actual sodium level in patients with hyperglycemia. Pearls/Pitfalls. Hyperglycemia causes osmotic shifts of water from the intracellular to the extracellular space, causing a relative dilutional hyponatremia.
How does hyperlipidemia cause hyponatremia?
In states of hyperproteinemia or hyperlipidemia, there is an increased mass of the nonaqueous components of serum and a concomitant decrease in the proportion of serum composed of water. Thus, pseudohyponatremia results because the flame photometry method measures sodium concentration in whole plasma.
How is pseudohyponatremia diagnosed?
Pseudohyponatremia is an artefact; measured serum sodium is reduced but actual plasma sodium is normal. The condition can only arise if the serum lipid or protein concentration is markedly increased and plasma sodium is measured using either indirect ISE or flame photometer.
Can high cholesterol cause hyponatremia?
SEE RELATED EDITORIAL, p1235. Patients at increased risk for hyponatremia can be accurately identified from their blood tests prior to determining an antihypertensive treatment. Elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (≥62 mg/dL) is the most significant marker of increased hyponatremia risk (hazard ratio 3.7).
Why do we use corrected sodium?
Use corrected sodium to evaluate dehydration If the corrected sodium concentration is normal despite a very high serum glucose concentration, either the patient has maintained adequate water intake or the onset of hyperglycemia was very acute.
How does high glucose affect sodium?
The effect of hyperglycemia is well known for its lowering of serum sodium levels. The most commonly used correction factor is a 1.6 mEq per L (1.6 mmol per L) decrease in serum sodium for every 100 mg per dL (5.6 mmol per L) increase in glucose concentration.
How fast should hypernatremia be corrected?
It is important to remember that hypernatremia should be corrected over 48 hours. Rapid correction can lead to cerebral edema and seizures.
What can cause false hyponatremia?
High volume hyponatremia can occur from heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. Conditions that can lead to falsely low sodium measurements include high blood protein levels such as in multiple myeloma, high blood fat levels, and high blood sugar. Treatment is based on the underlying cause.